Anatomy and Biomechanics Revision Quiz

Anatomy and Biomechanics so far

Please complete the following tasks as a recap over what you should already know, then share your work with me:

1. Label the numbered bones of the skeleton:

1. Cranium
2. Mandible
3. Clavicle
4. Scapula
5. Humerus
6. Ribs
7. Pelvis
8. Sacrum
9. Metacarpals
10. Phalanges
11. Ulna
12. Patela
13. Tibia
14. Fibula
15. Femur
16. Radius
17. Pelvic Girdle
18. Vertebrae
19. Ribs
20. Sternum
21. Vertebrae
22. Metatarsals

2. Label 5 muscles of the body:

1. Pectoralis Major
2. Tibialis Anterior
3. Abdominis rectus
4. Deltoid
5. Latissimus Dorsi

3.Name the 3 different types of joint, and give an example of where they are found on the body:

1. Ball and Socket, Hip
2. Condyloid, Metacarpals
3. Hinge, Elbow

4. Define an agonist: the contracting muscle

5. Define an antagonist: the relaxing muscle

6. When going from sitting down to standing up, complete the following:

1. Joint type: ball and Socket in the hip
2. movement/action: Flexion to Extension
3. Agonist: Gluteus Maximus
4. Antagonist: Iliopsoas

7. Explain how the above movement occurs, using your understanding of muscles and movement.

8. Complete the following table:

Term	Definition	Affect on exercise	Links to a sport
Eg. COG	Centre of gravity - the middle point of a balanced body	If COG is outside of BOS you will become unstable	A wrestler tries to maintain a low COG to be more effective
BOS	Base of support is the area within an object's point of contact with the ground	If you have a small BOS you will be less stable	A tennis player maintains a large BOS to stay stable while returning a serve
VLG	The line that passes through your COG to the ground in the middle of your BOS	If your VLG does not go through your COG you a more likely to be unstable	While turning while running in football a player will turn their body so they VLG is centre to the COG and BOS

9. For the following diagram, explain how the athlete is using force summation to produce a successful pitch:

This athlete is using force summation to produce a successful pitch because he is using the corresponding muscles of the pitch in the correct order and at the optimal time to create the maximum amount of force.

10. For each of Newtons 3 laws, state what they are, explain them, and give an example of their application to a sporting context.

1. An object will remain at a constant state of inertia unless acted upon by an external force.

If you were to kick a ball in football it would not stop unless acted upon by air resistance or if it hit the ground etc.

2. An object will accelerate in proportion to the force applied and the direction it is applied. The mass and size will also affect the acceleration of an object.

If you hit a tennis ball the force applied and the force exerted will be different to that of a football as the masses are different.

3. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. While running the force you apply to the ground is then applied back up as a support force.